Ubushakashatsi bwasobanuye icyatumye haduka inzovu zitagira amahembe
Hirya nohino ku Isi abantu batunguwe no kubona Inzovu zo mu bice bimwe bya Mozambique zitagira amahembe, ubushakashatsi bwatangajwe mu kinyamakuru Science cyandika ku bumenyi bwa siyansi bwagize icyo buvuga kuri iki kibazo.
Ubushakashatsi bwasanze ko muri parike y’igihugu ya Gorongosa National Park hari ubusembwa (uburwayi) bw’imbonekarimwe bwahabonetse mbere buhererekanywa mu miryango, bwarushijeho kuba ikintu kimenyerewe muri ako gace.
Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza ko ubushimusi bw’amahembe y’inzovu bwatumye inzovu ziba mu byago byo kuba zashiraho, nyinshi zicwa kubera amahembe yazo agurushwa cyane na barushimusi .
Ba rushimusi bagurishaga amahembe y’inzovu kugira ngo babone amafaranga yo kwifashisha mu ntambara hagati y’ingabo za leta n’inyeshyamba zarwanyaga ubutegetsi bwa gikomunisti.
Mbere y’intambara, hafi 18.5% by’inzovu z’ingore, muri kamere yazo, zabaga nta mahembe zifite, ariko uwo mubare warazamutse ugera kuri 33% ku nzovu zavutse kuva mu ntangiriro y’imyaka ya 1990.
Inzovu zo muri Mozambique zigera kuri 90% by’inzovu zose mu gihugu, zishwe n’abarwanyi bo ku mpande zombi muri iyo ntambara yatangiye mu 1977 ikageza mu 1992.
Cyo kimwe n’uko bimeze ku ibara ryo mu jisho no ku bwoko bw’amaraso ku bantu, ingirabuzima fatizo zigenga iby’iyororoka (gènes/genes) ni zo zituma inzovu zivukana amahembe zikomora ku babyeyi bazo, cyangwa ntiziyavukane.
Inzovu zidafite amahembe ntizakorwagaho n’abahigi, bituma birushaho gushoboka ko uko kutagira amahembe zibikomeza ndetse iyo miterere yo kutagira amahembe zikanayiraga izo zibyaye.
Abashakashatsi bacyeka ko iyo miterere, igaragara gusa ku ngore, yaba ifitanye isano n’igitsina cy’inzovu. Nyuma yuko hahujwe ingirabuzima fatizo zigenga iby’iyororoka z’inzovu zifite amahembe n’izidafite amahembe, isesengura ryahishuye ko iyo miterere ifitanye isano n’ihindagurika ryo kuri chromosome X ryicaga ingabo, zitakuraga neza muri nyababyeyi, ikaba yiganje mu ngore.
Profeseri Robert Pringle wo kuri Kaminuza ya Princeton muri Amerika, umwe mu bakoze ubwo bushakashatsi, yavuze ko ibyo bavumbuye bishobora kugira ingaruka z’igihe kirekire ku nzovu.
Profeseri Pringle yagize ati: “Kutagira amahembe bishobora kugira inyungu mu gihe cy’intambara. Ariko ibyo hari ikiguzi cyabyo [hari ibindi bibyangirikiramo]”.
Indi ngaruka ishobora kubaho ni impinduka ku ishusho ngari ya parike, kuko ubu bushakashatsi bwahishuye ko inyamaswa zifite amahembe n’izidafite amahembe zirya ibyatsi (ibimera) bitandukanye.
Ariko Profeseri Pringle yashimangiye ko iyo miterere ishobora guhinduka uko igihe kigenda gishira, uko inzovu zigenda ziva mu byago byo gushiraho.
aYvuze ko kubera ko iyo miterere yo kutagira amahembe yicaga ibibwana by’ibigabo by’inzovu, bishoboka ko inzovu nkeya ari zo zavukaga muri rusange. Ibi bishobora kugabanya umuvuko wo kongera kororoka kw’izi nzovu, ubu zisigaye gusa zirenga gato 700 muri iyo parike.
