Ibyimbitse kuri ICC ikemangwa n’abaperezida bamwe b’Afurika, n’amabanga yayo yose yamenwe
Urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha[ICC] rukomeje kwibazwaho ndetse amabanga yarwo akomeye yashyizwe hanze.
Uru rukiko rwashyizweho mu mwaka wa 1998 rufite inshingano zo gukurikirana abanyabyaha batandukanye ku Isi yose, mu byaha byiganjemo ibya Jenoside, intambara zagiye zihitana inzirakarengane n’ibindi bitandukanye byibasira inyokomuntu.
Kuva uru rukiko rwashyirwaho rwabaye nk’urwahengamiye ku byaha bikorerwa muri Afurika ndetse rugakunda gukurikirana abaperezida batandukanye bo kuri uyu mugabane bamwe bagafungwa bazira ubusa kubera inyungu z’ibihugu bikomeye bikoresha uru rukiko.
ICC ni nk’aho yashyiriweho abayobozi ba Afurika kuko usanga abaperezida bakomeye b’Iburayi ndetse na Amerika barakoze ibyaha bikomeye birimo ibyo uru rukiko rwakagombye kubakurikiranaho ariko ugasanga baridegembya.
Uru rukiko ruvugwaho byinshi bitandukanye ndetse hari amabanga yarwo amaze kujya hanze yiganjemo aya Moreno Ocampo wahoze aruyobora ndetse n’ibindi birimo amadosiye yarwo yari mu bubiko bw’ibanga arimo dokima[documents] zigera ku bihumbi 40, hari n’andi mabanga yari abumbatiye uburyo hari imikoranire y’uru rukiko n’abandi bantu bakomeye ku Isi byose bikaba byashyizwe hanze n’ikinyamakuru cyo mu Bufaransa cyitwa Mediapart.
ICC iherereye i La Haye mu Buholandi ifite abakozi bagera kuri 800, uru rukiko rukaba rukoresha ingengo y’imari igera kuri miliyoni 140 y’amadorali ya Amerika buri mwaka. Mu bihugu 124 byasinye ku masezerano yo gukorana nayo buri kimwe kishyura amafaranga y’umusanzu wo gukoresha ku ngengo y’imari gusa hagakurikizwa ubushobozi bwa buri gihugu.
Ese Luis Moreno Ocampo uvugwaho ruswa no kubogama muri uru rukiko ni muntu ki ?
Uyu mugabo yahoze ari we ukuriye uru rukiko kuva muri 2003 kugeza muri 2012, Moreno w’imyaka 65 akomoka muri Argentine. Uyu mugabo akimara kuba umucamanza mukuru muri uru rukiko yari afite mu mboni ye abayobozi batatu bo muri Afurika yagombaga gukurikirana mbere y’abandi bose abaryoza ibyaha bitandukanye; umugande Joseph Kony, Perezida wa Sudani Omar Al-Bashir, bashinjwaga ibyaha bya Jenoside ndetse na Perezida wa Libya Muammar Gaddafi.
Muammar Gaddafi, yari akurikinyweho ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, aza kwicwa n’abaturage bo mu gihugu cye muri 2011. Byaje gukurikirwa n’intambara yamennye amaraso y’inzirakarengane zo muri iki gihugu. Joseph Kony we yari akurikiranyweho ibyaha birimo iby’intambara no gufata abagore ku ngufu, Al-Bashir we aracyari ku buyobozi ndetse n’amakimbirane yari mu gihugu yarahosheje.
Uyu mugabo kuva yava ku buyobozi muri ICC yahise atangira indi mishinga yatumaga yinjiza akayabo ndetse yanabaye umwarimu mu kaminuza ikomeye muri Amerika ya Havard.
Ibyatumye uyu mugabo akemangwa
Tariki 15 Kamana 2012 nyuma y’amezi abiri gusa Luis Moreno Ocampo avuye ku mwanya wo kuyobora ICC, hari amadorali agera ku bihumbi 50 yashyizwe ku konti ye aturutse mu Buholandi. Aya mfaranga yari aturutse mu Busuwisi yoherejwe na Tain Bay Corporation, Kompanyi yanakomeje guhererekanya amafaranga n’uyu mugabo.
Tain Bay Corporation yanditswe muri Panama ndetse ba nyirayo bakaba ari ubwiru ku buryo batamenyekana, gusa hari impapuro zatahuwe zerekana ko ari ikompanyi ikorera mu bwihisho ya Luis Moreno Ocampo n’umugore we.
Izindi mpapuro zerekanye ko Moreno afite izindi kompanyi zirimo iyitwa Yemana Trading ikorera muri British Virgin Islands (BVI) ndetse n’indi y’umugore we yitwa Lucia Enterprises ikorera mu kirwa cya Belize.
Aya makompanyi yose agaragara ko akorera mu bwihisho ndetse akaba atishyura imisoro yose yatangiye gukora igihe Moreno yari ku mwanya w’ubuyobozi bwa ICC, ibintu bidakwiye ku muntu nk’uyu uba akwiye kuba ntamakemwa.
Icyo yabivuzeho …
Mu kiganiro yagiranye na Der Spiegel yatangaje ko izi kompanyi ziba zikorera mu bwihisho ziba zemewe mu mategeko avuga ko wenda bamwe bazifite bakora amanyanga gusa we atari ko bimeze.
Moreno yijanditse mu bibazo byabaye muri Libya nyuma y’urupfu rwa Muammar Gadhafi, ashaka gusahurira mu nduru…
Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Gadhafi muri 2011 hahise habaho ibibazo bitandukanye muri Libya ndetse habaho imbaraga zo kugira ngo abari bamaze gufata ubutegetsi bashyire igihugu ku murongo gusa bikomeza kubabana agaterera nzamba.
Muri 2015 umunyemari ukomeye muri Libya witwa Hassan Tatanaki, yahaye akazi Moreno Ocampo ko gukora iyo bwabaga akaba yagarura amahoro muri icyi gihugu cyari kimaze umwaka umwe kivuye mu ntambara y’abaturage barwanaga batishimiye uko ubuyobozi buri kwitwara.
Moreno yari yemerewe umurundo w’amadorali buri mwaka kuri ayo masezerano y’imyaka itatu yari amaze gusinya ndetse akajya ahabwa ibihumbi 5 by’idorali buri munsi. Intego y’aya masezerano yari ukugarura amahoro muri Libya.
Nyuma y’iminsi itandatu hasinywe aya masezerano yiswe “Ubutabera kw’isonga[Justice first]”, kuwa 12 Gicurasi 2015, Fatou Bom Bensouda wasimbuye Moreno ku mwanya wo kuyobora ICC yasobanuriye Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu kanama kawo gashinzwe umutekano, ko igisirikare cya Libya cyatatse agace kari gatuwe n’abaturage benshi kikica abaturage benshi ndetse bagafunga benshi banabatoteza.
Muri uko kwezi kandi imwe muri televiziyo za Tatanaki[uyu niwe wari wahaye akazi Ocampo], haciyeho ijambo ry’uwari ahagararie igisirikare cya Libya kirwanira mu kirere avuga ko umuntu utazashyigikira ibikorwa byose byabo azicwa, yongeyeho ko abo bantu bazaba ari abanzi ba leta ndetse n’abagore babo bazafatwa ku ngufu mu maso yabo. Ocampo yari azi byinshi kuri iki gisirikare gusa akinumira kuko ariho yavanaga umugati.
Aho kugira ngo abe yafasha abashinzwe gukurikirana abanyabyaha muri ICC, Moreno yahisemo guhita atangira gukingira ikibaba umukiriya we wari usigaye amwishyura akayabo buri munsi.
Moreno abivuga iki ?
Mu kiganiro aherutse kugirana na EIC yavuze ko gukorana na Tatanaki byari igitekerezo cyiza cyo kugarura amahoro muri Libya, yahishuye ko atari agambiriye kumukingira ikibaba ahubwo yamugiraga inama yo kutishora mu bikorwa byo gushora imari mu bikorwa byiganjemo iby’abakora ibyaha by’intambara.
Abajijwe niba yarigeze amenya igitekerezo cya Bensouda cyo gukurikirana Tatanaki ndetse akanamukingira ikibaba , avuga ko atari byo ndetse akaba nyuma yo kuva muri ICC atarigeze agirana umubano n’umwe mu bakorera muri ICC.
Ese ni uwuhe mumaro wa ICC? Kuki abantu bvakwiriye kuyikemanga?
Mu birego 25 byashyikijwe uru rukiko, muri 2012 nibwo kimwe cyaciriwe urubanza cya Thomas Lubanga, umunyekongo waregwaga ibyaha by’intambara birimo ibyo gukoresha abana bato mu bikorwa bya gisirikare. Uru rubanza rwamaze imyaka 14. Ibindi 24 bikaba bitarakemurwa, ikintu gishobora gutuma wibaza icyo uru rukiko rumaze.
Abayobozi batandukanye bo muri Afurika bagiye batabwa muri yombi nyamara nta mpapuro zo kubafata zashyizwe hanze, Umunya-Cote d’Ivoire “Laurent Gbagbo” wahoze ari perezida yafunzwe mu by’ukuri mu manzaganya nta cyaha aregwa ndetse nta n’impapuro zimuta muri yombi zashyizwe hanze. Uyu mugabo bivugwa ko yafunzwe kubera impamvu za Politiki no gushaka inyungu, Abafaransa bihishe inyuma y’iki gikorwa bagakoresha Ouattara wamusimbuye mu nyungu zabo bwite.
Ikindi kintu ushobora kwibaza, n’impamvu ibihugu bikomeye bikora ibyaha by’intambara ariko uru rukiko rukanuma, Perezida w’u Rwanda n’umwe mu baperezida batajya bavuga rumwe nibyo uru rukiko rukora ndetse bishimangirwa n’uko u Rwanda rutari rwasinya amasezerano y’ubufatanye n’uru rukiko.
Dore abari inyuma y’umugambi w’ishyirwa hanze ry’amabanga ya ICC
Uwari ku isonga: Fabrice Arfi (Mediapart)
Abanyamakuru: Fabrice Arfi, Stéphanie Maupas, Fanny Pigeaud (Mediapart), Sven Becker, Marian Blasberg, Dietmar Pieper (Der Spiegel), Hanneke Chin-A-Fo (NRC Handelsblad), Amanda Strydom, (ANCIR); Michael Bird, Zeynep Sentek, Craig Shaw (RCIJ/TBS); Blaž Zgaga (Nacional); Alain Lallemand, Joël Matriche (Le Soir); Paula Guisado (El Mundo); Stefano Vergine (L’Espresso); Micael Pereira (Expresso); Jonathan Calvert, George Arbuthnott (The Sunday Times)
Abakoze ibya Tekiniki: Alex Morega, Gabriel Vijiala (RCIJ/TBS); Stephan Heffner (Der Spiegel); Nicolas Barthe-Dejean, Donatien Huet (Mediapart); Marien Jonkers (NRC Handelsblad)
Uwayoboye umushinga: Ștefan Cândea
Source: Theblacksea.eu, Newvision
Theos UWIDUHAYE/TERADIG NEWS
