Byinshi wamenya kuri filimi ‘The 600’ y’urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda
Filime ”The 600, The Soldier’s Story”, igaragaza urugendo rwo kubohora igihugu, iyi filime yakozwe binyuze mu buhamya butandukanye bwa bamwe mu basirikare babohoye u Rwanda ndetse n’abo izo ngabo zarinze muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994.
Iyi filime kandi igaragaza uburyo batayo ya gatatu y’ingabo zari iza FPR Inkotanyi yari mu nyubako izwi nka CND, zarokoye Abatutsi benshi muri Jenoside kandi zararutwaga ubwinshi n’abasirikare ba leta yayiteguye.
Ni filime mbarankuru igaruka ku butwari bw’abasirikare 600 boherejwe mu Rwanda ngo barinde abanyapolitiki ba FPR Inkotanyi, biteguraga kujya muri Guverinoma y’inzibacyuho nk’uko byagengwaga n’amasezerano y’Amahoro ya Arusha.
Iyi filime imara iminota 117 yakozwe n’ Umunyamerika, Richard Hall afatanyije na Annette Uwizeye, Umunyarwandakazi Annette Uwizeye washinze ikigo ‘WIZE MEDIA’ kiri i Kigali, asanzwe kandi yandika ibijyanye n’umuco nyafurika, amateka , iyi filime bayikoze binyuze muri Great Blue Productions. Yerekaniwe bwa mbere muri Kigali Century Cinema
Igaragaza ubuhamya bukomeye bw’abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, abasirikare bato n’abari bayoboye abandi mu rugamba rwo Kwibohora nka Rtd Gen Sam Kaka, Gen Maj Charles Karamba, Rtd Col Jacob Tumwine, Rtd Major David Rwabinumi n’abandi.
Iyi filimi igaragaza uburyo ingabo zigera kuri 600 zahoze ari iza RPA (Rwandan Patriotic Army) ari zo zafashe iya mbere mu kugarura amahoro mu Rwanda nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Zari ingabo zitaruye ibirindiro bya RPA byari biherereye hafi y’umupaka wa Uganda mu birometero 83 ujya majyaruguru, zigoswe n’ingabo zigera ku bihumbi icumi (10,000) zari zizwi nka FAR za leta y’abicanyi zaterwaga inkunga n’Abafaransa.
Ubwo ibiganiro by’amasezerano ya Arusha byari bigeze kure mu 1993, Leta ya Habyarimana yemeye gusaranganya ubutegetsi, maze FPR yemererwa kwinjiza mu mujyi wa Kigali abasirikare 600 bagombaga kurinda abanyapolitiki bayo, bacumbikirwa mu Ngoro y’Inteko Ishinga amategeko icyo gihe yitwaga Conseil National de Développement (CND).
Mu Ukuboza 1993 nibwo Batayo ya gatatu y’abasirikare 600 bitwaje intwaro yuriye imodoka igana i Kigali, biba ubwa mbere RPA yinjira mu murwa mukuru w’u Rwanda.
Rtd Gen Sam Kaka wari umwe mu bayobozi b’urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda avuga ko “Twatoranyije abasirikare muri buri mutwe w’ingabo, ntabwo ushobora gutoranya abasirikare ubona ko badafite umuhate wo gukora ibyo bategerejweho.”
Ubwo binjiraga muri Kigali guhera za Kabuye, abanyarwanda babakiranye ibyishimo bakoma amashyi, Abatutsi bari barahiye ubwoba bibwira ko batabawe, ariko Interahamwe zihekenya amenyo zibwira ko zizabatsembana n’abo bashaka kurinda.
Gen Maj Charles Karamba usanzwe ari n’Umugaba w’Ingabo z’u Rwanda zirwanira mu kirere, yari muri ba basirikare 600 ndetse icyo gihe yari afite ipeti rya kapiteni.
Avuga ko izo ngabo zari hagati nibura y’abasirikare ba leta bagera ku 10 000, CND ikaba yari ikikijwe n’ibigo bikomeye bya gisirikare uhereye kuri Camp GP (Gardes Presidentielles) ku Kimihurura, Camp Kigali, Camp Kami, Camp Kanombe na Rebero.
Ubwo ku wa 6 Mata 1994 indege ya Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana yaraswaga, Abatutsi batangiye kwicwa hirya no hino ndetse ingabo zari muri CND zitangira kwibaza icyo gukora.
Jenoside igitangira, uko Abatutsi bicwaga ni nako abasirikare barindaga Habyarimana bahise batangira kurasa ku basirikare ba RPA muri CND. Abatutsi barokokaga bahungiraga muri CND, bakageramo bamwe ari inkomere zimeze nabi.
General Major Paul Kagame wari uyoboye urugamba yatanze itegeko ryo guhagarika Jenoside no gutsinda ingabo zayikoraga. Muri Kigali Abatutsi bagihumeka bamwe bari bahungiye muri St Andre i Nyamirambo, Saint Paul, Sainte Famille n’ahandi.
Mu gutangira gutabara, ya Batayo ya gatatu yigabanyijemo kabiri, Eagle Company ihabwa ubutumwa bwo kujya kuri Stade Amahoro kubohoza Abatutsi bari bahahungiye, bari basumbirijwe n’interahamwe.
Umwe mu basirikare barurwanye agira ati “Eagle rero ni yo yagiye yisaturamo kabiri, bamwe bazamuka umuhanda wa kaburimbo abandi banyura mu Migina.” Muri urwo rugendo babanje guhura n’umwanzi, barwana inkundura ngo babashe kubohora abatutsi.
Muri icyo gihe kandi izi ngabo ku rundi ruhande ntizari zorohewe n’aba GP ba Habyarimana. Gen Karamba ati “Kandi aba GP wibuke ko bari abasirikare batojwe ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi bafite ibikoresho byose bishoboka.”
Company ya Chui yo muri ya batayo ya RPA yashinzwe guhangana n’aba GP, bayirushije ingufu ku buryo harashwemo benshi ku buryo bukomeye kugeza hafashwe ubundi buryo.
Mu gihe abasirikare bari muri CND bari basumbirijwe, hejuru y’iyi nyubako hariho imbunda ya rutura yari ifite inshingano zo kurasa kure, kugira ngo abasirikare ba Habyarimana badasatira iyi nyubako bakica abayirimo.
Iyi mbunda yakoreshwaga na Sgt David Rwabinumi, yasezerewe mu Ngabo z’u Rwanda ageze ku ipeti rya Majoro.
Rwabinumi avuga ko yatangiye gukoresha iyi mbunda ku wa 7 Mata 1994, arwana n’aba GP bashakaga kugera kuri CND.
Ati “Imbunda zandasaga nanone nyinshi zari Camp Kigali, hariyo imbunda nyinshi ni zo zandasaga, ku buryo bashakaga kugira ngo baze batwicire abayobozi natwe batwice, badufate mpiri.”
“Umusirikare wari hano ni njye n’abamfashaga bane, ku wa 7, 8, 9 Mata, iyo minsi yambereye mibi cyane. Buri kanya nabaga nshakisha, nshakisha, aho mbonye abanyu baza atari abacu nkahita mparasa, bagasubira inyuma bakirukanka. Noneho bamara kurakara babuze uko baza hano, bakavuga ngo nibasenye iyi nzu.”
Gen Maj Karamba we avuga ko “Imbunda yari hejuru y’igisenge ni yo yari ihambaye twari twemeye kugira, mu biganiro by’amahoro. Aho yari iherereye hari heza cyane kuko yabashaga kureba aba GP iturutse hejuru.”
“Twashakaga ko umwanzi atagera aho aturusha ingufu ngo agere mu birindiro byacu. Twarabishoboye, iyi mbunda yadufashaga kubagumisha kure.”
Ibyo byatumye CND iterwa ibisasu bikomeye ku buryo iyo uyitegereje ubona aho inkuta zatobowe, ibisasu bimwe bikabagwa iruhande hagacumba umwotsi.
Gusa ibintu byaje gukomera cyane abasirikare bari muri CND basabye ubufasha baza guhabwa ubufasha bwa Alpha Company, yahagurutse i Byumba ku wa 8 Mata 1994, amasaha 48 indege ya Habyarimana ihanuwe. Byafashe iminsi itatu bagenda badahagaze, batarya.
Gen Kaka avuga ko “twagombaga gutabara ingabo zacu muri Kigali kubera ko bari ku rugamba kandi umubare munini w’ingabo za leta wari i Kigali. Bashoboraga kubahuriraho iyo dutinda.”
Alpha Company yageze i Kigali ku wa 11 Mata, maze abasirikare bari muri CND bagarura ihumure, kuva ubwo bumva ko nta cyabakura muri CND.
Bamaze kongera imbaraga bahawe amabwiriza yo gutera nabo ingabo za Habyarimana, bahereye ku kigo cya gisirikare cya Rebero. Uyu musozi wariho imbunda zirasa kure, zari ziteye inkeke ingabo za RPA mu Mujyi wa Kigali kuko zashoboraga kurasa ahantu aho ariho hose.
Col Jacob Tumwine avuga ko aho hantu hari habi cyane. Mu rugendo rugana Rebero, abantu benshi bari bapfuye, abakobwa bafashwe ku ngufu n’ibindi. Abasirikare bagiye Rebero byasabye ko bagenda bicamo ibice, banagabana inshingano.
“Kubera ko babaga bari hejuru yacu, baturasagaho. Ingabo zacu zafashe umwanzuro wo kudatera ibirindiro bya Rebero ziturutse imbere, byasabye kuzenguruka ngo zitere ziturutse inyuma. Byasabye kugenda ijoro, tubatera duturutse inyuma. Aho urugamba rwarwanywe nk’amasaha abiri, ingabo za RPA ziba zirahafashe.”Col Jacob Tumwine
Nyuma yo gufata uyu musozi, RPA yari ishize impungenge z’uko hari uwayigabaho ibitero aturutse mu mpinga y’umusozi, urugendo rukomereza ku kurokora abasivili.
Umwe mu basirikare yibuka ubwo yajyaga kurokora abakobwa i Nyanza, agasanga barabafashe ku ngufu ku buryo batabasha no kwigenza.
Inkotannyi zarokoye abatutsi bari bihishe muri St Andre i Nyamirambo babajyana ku i Rebero, CND, Saint Paul, muri Stade Amahoro n’ahandi.
Ku italiki ya 4 Nyakanga nibwo Umujyi wa Kigali wose wari ufashwe nk’umurwa w’ubutegetsi, ariko abantu benshi bari bapfuye ndetse mu bindi bice by’igihugu urugamba rwari rugikomeje.
Gusa hari hakiri ibibazo byo gukemura, kuko hari inkomere nyinshi zikeneye kuvurwa, abenshi imitima yarahungabanye, ku buryo bitari umunsi w’ibyishimo ahubwo aribwo “ikiliyo cyari gitangiye.”
Izi ngabo kandi zafashije impunzi z’Abatutsi bagera kuri miliyoni n’ibihumbi magana atatu (1,300) bari barahunze u Rwanda kugaruka mu gihugu imbere no kurwanya leta y’igitugu y’Abahutu.
Richard Hall wakoze iyi filime yashimiye abagize uruhare mu itunganywa ryayo, avuga ko iyi ari “inkuru ikwiye guhora ivugwa, idakwiye kwibagirana na rimwe mu mateka.”
Annette Uwizeye wamufashije kuyitunganya, yavuze ko iyi filime bayikoze mu gihe cy’amezi 18 ashize nyuma yo gusura Ingoro y’amateko y’urugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside.
“The 600 ni ingenzi mu guha agaciro ubwitange n’umurava by’ababohoye igihugu ndetse no kwibuka abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Harimo kandi uburyo abasirikare bahoze ari aba RPA bashyize hamwe n’abaturage barokoye mu rugendo rwo guhagarika Jenoside. Ikindi kandi njya gukora iyi filimi yerekeye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi nahereye ku mateka nigiye kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi nkiri umwana, aho bamwe bitangiye ubuzima bw’abandi ndetse abandi bagapfa barengana.”
“Ni mu maso y’ingabo 600 tubonamo ishusho y’urugamba rukomeye rwo kwibohora. Iyi filimi ni ingenzi kuko izafasha ibisekuru by’ejo hazaza kumenya uko urugendo rwo kubohora igihugu rwagenze. Ni byiza kumenya ko uko tubayeho mu Rwanda ubu ari umusaruro wo kwitanga. Ni byiza ko twigira ku mateka y’igihugu bikadufasha kubaho neza twirinda gusubiza amaso inyuma. ”
Iyi filimi igaragaza uburyo ingabo zigera kuri 600 zahoze ari iza RPA (Rwandan Patriotic Army) ari zo zafashe iya mbere mu kugarura amahoro mu Rwanda nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
